projected This EuroGeographics identifier is for a CRS similar to this but with CS axes in order north, east. Official Dutch name of this CRS. NSGI: Netherlands Partnership of Kadaster, Rijkswaterstaat and Hydrographic Service, http://www.nsgi.nl/. 2020-08-31 true false https://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/9.9.1/28992 Amersfoort / RD New Replaces Amersfoort / RD Old (code 28991). Netherlands - onshore, including Waddenzee, Dutch Wadden Islands and 12-mile offshore coastal zone. 3.2 7.22 50.75 53.7 OGP 2014-05-01 false false https://www.opengis.net/def/area/EPSG/9.9.1/1275 Netherlands - onshore Large and medium scale topographic mapping and engineering survey. conversion Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie publication 30. 1995-12-02 true false 52 9 22.178 N 5 23 15.5 E https://www.opengis.net/def/coordinateOperation/EPSG/9.9.1/19914 RD New Netherlands - onshore, including Waddenzee, Dutch Wadden Islands and 12-mile offshore coastal zone. 3.2 7.22 50.75 53.7 OGP 2014-05-01 false false https://www.opengis.net/def/area/EPSG/9.9.1/1275 Netherlands - onshore Large and medium scale topographic mapping and engineering survey. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), www.bipm.org 2018-05-29 true false https://www.opengis.net/def/uom/EPSG/9.9.1/9001 metre SI base unit for length. length 0 EPSG guidance note #7-2, http://www.epsg.org 2018-08-29 true false true For Projected Coordinate System RD / Netherlands New Parameters: Ellipsoid Bessel 1841 a = 6377397.155 m 1/f = 299.15281 then e = 0.08169683 Latitude Natural Origin 52°09'22.178"N = 0.910296727 rad Longitude Natural Origin 5°23'15.500"E = 0.094032038 rad Scale factor k0 0.9999079 False Eastings FE 155000.00 m False Northings FN 463000.00 m Forward calculation for: Latitude 53°N = 0.925024504 rad Longitude 6°E = 0.104719755 rad first gives the conformal sphere constants: rho0 = 6374588.71 nu0 = 6390710.613 R = 6382644.571 n = 1.000475857 c = 1.007576465 where S1 = 8.509582274 S2 = 0.878790173 w1 = 8.428769183 sin chi0 = 0.787883237 w = 8.492629457 chi0 = 0.909684757 D0 = d0 for the point chi = 0.924394997 D = 0.104724841 hence B = 1.999870665 N = 557057.739 E = 196105.283 reverse calculation for the same Easting and Northing first gives: g = 4379954.188 h = 37197327.96 i = 0.001102255 j = 0.008488122 then D = 0.10472467 Longitude = 0.104719584 rad = 6 deg E chi = 0.924394767 psi = 1.089495123 phi1 = 0.921804948 psi1 = 1.084170164 phi2 = 0.925031162 psi2 = 1.089506925 phi3 = 0.925024504 psi3 = 1.089495505 phi4 = 0.925024504 Then Latitude = 53°00'00.000"N Longitude = 6°00'00.000"E https://www.opengis.net/def/method/EPSG/9.9.1/9809 Oblique Stereographic This is not the same as the projection method of the same name in USGS Professional Paper no. 1395, "Map Projections - A Working Manual" by John P. Snyder. Note: These formulas have been transcribed from EPSG Guidance Note #7-2. Users are encouraged to use that document rather than the text which follows as reference because limitations in the transcription will be avoided. Given the geodetic origin of the projection at the tangent point (lat0, lon0), the parameters defining the conformal sphere are: R= sqrt( rho0 * nu0) n= {1 + [e^2 * cos^4(latC) / (1 - e^2)]}^0.5 c= [(n+sin(lat0)) (1-sin(chi0))]/[(n-sin(lat0)) (1+sin(chi0))] where: sin(chi0) = (w1-1)/(w1+1) w1 = (S1.(S2)^e)^n S1 = (1+sin(lat0))/(1-sin(lat0)) S2 = (1-e sin(lat0))/(1+e sin(lat0)) The conformal latitude and longitude (chi0,lambda0) of the origin are then computed from : chi0 = asin[(w2-1)/(w2+1)] where S1 and S2 are as above and w2 = c (S1(S2)^e)^n lambda0 = lon0 For any point with geodetic coordinates (lat, lon) the equivalent conformal latitude and longitude (chi, lambda) are computed from lambda = n(lon-lambda0) + lambda0 chi = asin[(w-1)/(w+1)] where w = c (Sa (Sb)^e)^n Sa = (1+sin(lat))/(1-sin(lat)) Sb = (1-e.sin(lat))/(1+e.sin(lat)) Then B = [1+sin(chi) sin(chi0) + cos(chi) cos(chi0) cos(lambda-lambda0)] N = FN + 2 R k0 [sin(chi) cos(chi0) - cos(chi) sin(chi0) cos(lambda-lambda0)] / B E = FE + 2 R k0 cos(chi) sin(lambda-lambda0) / B The reverse formulae to compute the geodetic coordinates from the grid coordinates involves computing the conformal values, then the isometric latitude and finally the geodetic values. The parameters of the conformal sphere and conformal latitude and longitude at the origin are computed as above. Then for any point with Stereographic grid coordinates (E,N) : chi = chi0 + 2 atan[{(N-FN)-(E-FE) tan (j/2)} / (2 R k0)] lambda = j + 2 i + lambda0 where g = 2 R k0 tan(pi/4 - chi0/2) h = 4 R k0 tan(chi0) + g i = atan2[(E-FE) , {h+(N-FN)}] j = atan2[(E-FE) , (g-(N-FN)] - i (see GN7-2 implementation notes in preface for atan2 convention) Geodetic longitude lon = (lambda-lambda0 ) / n + lambda0 Isometric latitude psi = 0.5 ln [(1+ sin(chi)) / { c (1- sin(chi))}] / n First approximation lat1 = 2 atan(e^psi) - pi/2 where e=base of natural logarithms. psii = isometric latitude at lati where psii= ln[{tan(lati/2 + pi/4} {(1-e sin(lati))/(1+e sin(lati))}^(e/2)] Then iterate lat(i+1) = lati - ( psii - psi ) cos(lati) (1 -e^2 sin^2(lati)) / (1 - e^2) until the change in lat is sufficiently small. For Oblique Stereographic projections centred on points in the southern hemisphere, the signs of E, N, lon0, lon, must be reversed to be used in the equations and lat will be negative anyway as a southerly latitude. An alternative approach is given by Snyder, where, instead of defining a single conformal sphere at the origin point, the conformal latitude at each point on the ellipsoid is computed. The conformal longitude is then always equivalent to the geodetic longitude. This approach is a valid alternative to the above, but gives slightly different results away from the origin point. It is therefore considered by EPSG to be a different coordinate operation method to that described above. 52.156160555556 EPSG guidance note number 7. 1999-09-09 false The latitude of the point from which the values of both the geographical coordinates on the ellipsoid and the grid coordinates on the projection are deemed to increment or decrement for computational purposes. Alternatively it may be considered as the latitude of the point which in the absence of application of false coordinates has grid coordinates of (0,0). https://www.opengis.net/def/parameter/EPSG/9.9.1/8801 Latitude of natural origin 5.387638888889 Abbeviated as "CM". Abbreviation for "Central Meridian". EPSG guidance note number 7. 2002-06-22 false The longitude of the point from which the values of both the geographical coordinates on the ellipsoid and the grid coordinates on the projection are deemed to increment or decrement for computational purposes. Alternatively it may be considered as the longitude of the point which in the absence of application of false coordinates has grid coordinates of (0,0). Sometimes known as "central meridian (CM)". https://www.opengis.net/def/parameter/EPSG/9.9.1/8802 Longitude of natural origin 0.9999079 EPSG guidance note number 7. 1999-09-09 false The factor by which the map grid is reduced or enlarged during the projection process, defined by its value at the natural origin. https://www.opengis.net/def/parameter/EPSG/9.9.1/8805 Scale factor at natural origin 155000 This alias applies only in the case of projection methods which have an axis positive west, e.g. Transverse Mercator (South Orientated). EPSG guidance note number 7. 2002-07-31 false Since the natural origin may be at or near the centre of the projection and under normal coordinate circumstances would thus give rise to negative coordinates over parts of the mapped area, this origin is usually given false coordinates which are large enough to avoid this inconvenience. The False Easting, FE, is the value assigned to the abscissa (east or west) axis of the projection grid at the natural origin. https://www.opengis.net/def/parameter/EPSG/9.9.1/8806 False easting 463000 This alias applies only in the case of projection methods which have an axis positive south, e.g. Transverse Mercator (South Orientated). EPSG guidance note number 7. 2002-07-31 false Since the natural origin may be at or near the centre of the projection and under normal coordinate circumstances would thus give rise to negative coordinates over parts of the mapped area, this origin is usually given false coordinates which are large enough to avoid this inconvenience. The False Northing, FN, is the value assigned to the ordinate (north or south) axis of the projection grid at the natural origin. https://www.opengis.net/def/parameter/EPSG/9.9.1/8807 False northing geographic 2D Preferred name in The Netherlands NSGI: Netherlands Partnership of Kadaster, Rijkswaterstaat and Hydrographic Service, http://www.nsgi.nl/. 2020-08-31 true false https://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/9.9.1/4289 Amersfoort Use of geographic2D CRS Amersfoort (code 4289) for spatial referencing is discouraged. Use projected CRS Amersfoort / RD New (code 28992). Netherlands - onshore, including Waddenzee, Dutch Wadden Islands and 12-mile offshore coastal zone. 3.2 7.22 50.75 53.7 OGP 2014-05-01 false false https://www.opengis.net/def/area/EPSG/9.9.1/1275 Netherlands - onshore Intermediate CRS in transformation to and from projected CRS. ellipsoidal OGP 2015-05-22 true false https://www.opengis.net/def/cs/EPSG/9.9.1/6422 Ellipsoidal 2D CS. Axes: latitude, longitude. Orientations: north, east. UoM: degree Coordinates referenced to this CS are in degrees. Any degree representation (e.g. DMSH, decimal, etc.) may be used but that used must be declared for the user by the supplier of data. Used in geographic 2D coordinate reference systems. https://www.opengis.net/def/axis/EPSG/9.9.1/106 Lat north https://www.opengis.net/def/axis/EPSG/9.9.1/107 Lon east geodetic NSGI: Netherlands Partnership of Kadaster, Rijkswaterstaat and Hydrographic Service, http://www.nsgi.nl/. 2020-08-31 true false https://www.opengis.net/def/datum/EPSG/9.9.1/6289 Amersfoort Geodetic survey, cadastre, topographic mapping, engineering survey. Originally defined through fundamental point Amersfoort, latitude 52°09'22.178"N, longitude 5°23'15.478"E (of Greenwich). Since 2000-10-01 has been redefined as derived from ETRS89 by application of the official transformation RDNAPTRANS™. Cartesian OGP 2001-04-29 false https://www.opengis.net/def/cs/EPSG/9.9.1/4499 Cartesian 2D CS. Axes: easting, northing (X,Y). Orientations: east, north. UoM: m. Used in projected and engineering coordinate reference systems. https://www.opengis.net/def/axis/EPSG/9.9.1/41 X east https://www.opengis.net/def/axis/EPSG/9.9.1/42 Y north